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Is it ethical and appropriate to have designer or deformer babies?
Talk to any infertile couples. They will tell you what they have been through in order to have their own baby. They are not thinking about the possibility of designing their own babies. They may have some complications which prevent them from having their own children. This is where reproductive surgeons come in. A new survey published in t he online medical journal of Fertility and Sterility seems to give hopes to some. Embryo screening, known as preimplantation genetic diagnosis, is done with in vitro fertilization, when eggs and sperm are mixed in a lab dish and then implanted into the womb. In PGD, before implantation, a cell from a days-old embryo is removed to allow doctors to examine it for genetic defects. Now it is a ver expensive procedure for some. The cost of the entire procedure goes from $15,000 per try to even more exorbitant numbers.
According to various interviews and writings published on blogs, the new technique appears to create controversies. Many are saying t hat some people are using it to have babies with disabilities who look like the parents. For example, dwarf and deaf parents may want to have babies who are like them. Then, for them, these babies would be normal. The whole concept of normal babies needs to be looked at. But some physicians are not buying the idea of the new normal. Selecting an abnormal embryo should be out of the question. It would be unethical and inappropriate to create a deformed child when the purpose of medicine is to diagnose and treat and cure disease. PGD pioneer Dr. Mark Hughes, running a Detroit laboratory and doing the screening for many fertility clinics, said he has not heard of the technology being used this way. Deformer babies would go against what medicine has stood up for all these years.
Those who have been talking about designer babies may have a beef with the clinics and parents who want to know whether their children are going to have some abnormalities. PGD is used mostly by those who want to detect and discard embryos with abnormalities that have a missing or extra chromosome.
What has been going on in various Reproductive Genetics Institutes and centers is the screening of embryos for sex selections. Many couples find themselves in a bad cultural situation. Depending on the culture, male heirs are needed. If such couples only have girls, they will want to do anything to have boys. Many U.S. reproductive clinics treat Indian patients who want to have a boy as heir. Asking a reproductive specialist to screen the embryo for sex selection is very practical. They want a boy. They are determined to have a boy. In many of these cases, we are talking about the continuity of business deals and family empires. A well-to-do Indian family with an equal amount of sons and daughters will give land holdings and other assets to the boys. Very rarely will they give to the girls. The idea is that the sons are supposed to be able to take care of their families. Whereas the women will be married into another family and the chance for the diffusion of the family wealth is great. They want to keep the name of the family intact by keeping all the wealth within.
Many self-respected reproductive specialists may have an ethical issue with deliberately crippling children.
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